Although the current building is from the eleventh century, it has been renovated and modified throughout the centuries. Its decoration has changed greatly over time, though the overall impression of the interior with a dazzling display of gold ground mosaics on all ceilings and upper walls remains the same. The original altar frontal is now in the treasury. In the centre of the balcony the famous bronze horses face the square. "At this time the choral and liturgical books of the basilica Marciana were written and excellently illuminated by the Brescian... Commencing with the early years of the XIV century, and looking over the records of the Capella Marciana." Tento súbor obsahuje ďalÅ¡ie informácie, pravdepodobne pochádzajúce z digitálneho fotoaparátu či skenera, ktorý ho vytvoril alebo digitalizoval. The original unadorned structure would probably have looked very different, but it is likely that gradual decoration was always intended. [39], The main work on the interior mosaics was apparently complete by the 1270s, with work on the atrium continuing into the 1290s. The presbytery is separated by an altar screen formed by eight red marble columns crowned with a high Crucifix and statues by Pier Paolo and Jacobello Dalle Masegne, masterpiece of Gothic sculpture (late 14th century). 53, No. The dome above the crossing and the western dome are bigger than the other three. La chapelle Salviati est consacrée à saint Antonin de Florence et comporte un sarcophage reliquaire exhibant son corps sous l'autel. Demus, 10–11 for summary, full coverage in later chapters. La Basilica Cattedrale Patriarcale di San Marco, più notoriamente chiamata Basilica di San Marco, a Venezia (in veneziano: Baxéłega de San Marco) è la chiesa cattedrale e sede del patriarcato di Venezia. The current campanile is a reconstruction completed in 1912, the historical tower having collapsed in 1902. It includes the Ascension of Christ in the central dome and Pentecost in the west dome. They date to Classical Antiquity, though their date remains a matter of debate, and presumably were originally the team pulling a quadriga chariot, probably containing an emperor. Many of its rich artifacts and relics were plundered from Constantinople in the Fourth Crusade in 1204 CE, including many artifacts from the Hagia Sophia. ^ Camillo Boito, The Basilica of S. Mark in Venice, 1888. History of Medieval Arabic and Western European domes, Late Antique and medieval mosaics in Italy, "HISTORY OF HAGIA SOPHIA CHURCH IN CONSTANTINOPLE", "San Mark's Nicopeia loot from Constantinople 1204 - Hagia Sophia History", "Venice Basilica San Marco interior 07 Mural 2 cocks carrying a fox", "Image-based techniques for the survey in the St Mark's Basilica in Venice", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=St_Mark%27s_Basilica&oldid=997187431, Buildings and structures completed in 1093, 11th-century Roman Catholic church buildings, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Italian-language text, Infobox mapframe without OSM relation ID on Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2020, Articles containing Venetian-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2020, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from November 2016, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz place identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Patriarchal Cathedral Basilica of Saint Mark, This page was last edited on 30 December 2020, at 11:02. Basilica di San Marco San Marco, 328 The main subjects are Genesis and the life of Noah, Abraham, Joseph, and Moses. The treasury contains what is now a unique collection of Byzantine portable objects in metalwork, enamel and hardstone carving, most looted from Constantinople after the Fourth Crusade (although there was a serious fire in the treasury in 1231), with probably a new influx after the "Franks" were expelled in 1261. [55] It is based on an analogy between the beautifully decorated spandrels spaced around the domes in the basilica, which sit on four arches (technically, the structures are pendentives rather than spandrels), and various biological traits and features. About a hundred of the 359 miniatures in the manuscript are used. Similar images are found in the Chludov Psalter and elsewhere. A large and comprehensive cycle of the Life of Christ occupies much of the roof, with usually extensive coverage for the Middle Ages of his miracles, originally shown in 29 scenes in the transepts. On the northern side are St Isidor's chapel and the Mascoli chapel. 695-740; https://www.revistamirabilia.com › pdfs › 29._vasilescu_0.pdf. Posee el rango de catedral y también el de iglesia patriarcal, además del de basílica. [44], As mentioned above, restorations and replacements were often necessary thereafter, or done even when not necessary, and great painters such as Paolo Uccello, Andrea del Castagno, Paolo Veronese, Jacopo Tintoretto and his son Domenico were among those who produced the designs for the mosaicists. It would only fit a bishop with a slight figure, and has a large compartment for relics below the seat. This was probably partly due to a wish to support the local Murano glass industry, which supplied the tesserae, and also to Venetian conservatism. Unlike most Italian churches, San Marco never made the transition to fresco wall paintings around the 13th century, and continued to add mosaics until the 19th century. [51], The 6th-century "throne-reliquary" in rather crudely carved alabaster, the Sedia di San Marco, was moved from the high altar to the Treasury in 1534. The west wall has a 13th-century deesis below a Last Judgement in the vault, and a huge Tree of Jesse was added to the end wall of the north transept in 1548. Se sijaitsee Piazza San Marcon eli Pyhän Markuksen torin itäpuolella. Venice - San Marco - The St. Mark's Basilica is the magnificent building that is the symbol of power and the greatness of the Venice Republic during the thousand years of the Venetian life. After that the St Marks workshop seems to have been disbanded, so that when a fire in 1419 caused serious damage, the only Venetian capable of the work had just died and the Signoria of Florence had to be asked for help; they sent Paolo Uccello. Originally it … The interior is based on a Greek cross, with each arm divided into three naves with a dome of its own as well as the main dome above the crossing. [38] The main period of decoration was the 12th century, a period of deteriorating relations between Venice and Byzantium, but very little is known about the process or how it was affected by politics. The brick mostly remains in place, but covered over except in a few places.[19]. [18] In the first half of the 13th century the narthex and the new facade were constructed, most of the mosaics were completed and the domes were covered with second much higher domes of lead-covered wood in order to blend in with the Gothic architecture of the redesigned Doge's Palace. The choir stalls are embellished with inlay by Fra Sebastiano Schiavone, and above them on both sides are three reliefs by Sansovino. [3] Much work has gone toward embellishing this, and the famous main façade has an ornamented roofline that is mostly Gothic. It is the most famous of the city's churches and one of the best known examples of Italo-Byzantine architecture. The marble floor (12th century, but underwent many restorations) is entirely tessellated in geometric patterns and animal designs. It lies at the eastern end of the Piazza San Marco, adjacent and connected to the Doge's Palace. One particular panel in the pavement shows two cocks carrying a trussed-up fox,[32] has been interpreted politically by some, as a reference to the French conquest of Milan in the Italian Wars. All building and restoring works were directed by the protos: great architects such as Jacopo Sansovino and Baldassarre Longhena held the office. Italian version. PRIVACY … During World War II, they were hidden in Praglia Abbey, a Benedictine monastery in Teolo. [citation needed] The doge himself appointed a special group of clergy led by the primero. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Mosaics with scenes showing the history of the relics of Saint Mark from right to left fill the lunettes of the lateral portals; the first on the left is the only one on the façade still surviving from the 13th century. [5] The famous Madonna Nicopeia, also known as the icon of the Virgin Nicopeia, was looted from the Monastery of Stoudios and was one of the city's most precious icons, carried into battle by various Byzantine emperors. By some accounts they once adorned the Arch of Trajan[clarification needed]. With a profusion of domes and more than 8000 sq metres of luminous mosaics, Venice's basilica is unforgettable. [40] Initially the restorations tried to retain the medieval compositions and replicate a medieval style, but from 1509 the policy changed and further work was in contemporary styles. The upper level of mosaics in the lunettes of the lateral ogee arches has scenes from the Life of Christ (all post-Renaissance replacements) culminating in a 19th-century replacement Last Judgment lower down over the main portal that replaced a damaged one with the same subject (during the centuries many mosaics had to be replaced inside and outside the basilica, but subjects were rarely changed). È situata nell'omonimo Campo dei Frari, nel sestiere di San Polo, ed è dedicata all' Assunzione di Maria. The centre is an etimasia ("empty throne") with book and dove, with the twelve apostles seated round the outer rims, with flames on their heads and rays connecting them to the central throne. [28], The narthex prepares the visitors' eyes for the atmosphere of the gilded interior, just as the Old Testament stories represented in its 13th-century mosaic ceiling prepare them for the New Testament decoration in the interior. www.polomusealetoscana.beniculturali.it/index.php?it/190/museo-di-san-marco-firenze, https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Basilique_San_Marco_(Florence)&oldid=176291042, Page avec coordonnées similaires sur Wikidata, Article contenant un appel à traduction en anglais, Catégorie Commons avec lien local différent sur Wikidata, Portail:Architecture chrétienne/Articles liés, Portail:Architecture et urbanisme/Articles liés, Portail:Religions et croyances/Articles liés, licence Creative Commons attribution, partage dans les mêmes conditions, comment citer les auteurs et mentionner la licence, Série des saints et saintes du saint-sacrement.